Anesthesia

Anesthesia is a controlled medical procedure through the administration of medication to allow surgical or medical treatment to be done without pain. Anesthesia may cause both conscious and unconscious sedation, and can be used to anesthetize a region of the body (regional anesthesia) or the entire body (general anesthesia). The medications used depend on the treatment area, the type of procedure, time in surgery, health condition, medications regularly taken, as well as age, height and weight of the patient. There are four main types of anesthesia:

Local anesthesia:

Local anesthesia numbs the immediate treatment area.

Local anesthesia and sedation:

Local anesthesia and sedation is a type of sedation where patient is typically awake and groggy but calm during surgery. The surgeon may use a local injection to numb the operative site.

Regional anesthesia:

Regional anesthesia is used to anesthetize a region of the body.

General anesthesia:

General anesthesia today used is usually achieved by intravenous injection and gaseous anesthesia. General anesthesia works to cause hypnosis, loss of memory, analgesia, muscle relaxation and immobilization. Different medications are used to cause these effects. Anesthesia helps to suppress pain, to control natural body reactions to pain and trauma, to cause loss of memory, muscle relaxation and immobilization until the surgical procedure is over. The anesthetized person is unaware of what is happening and feels no pain or anxiety.

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